Appellant [339 U.S. 637, 640] was thereupon admitted to the University of Oklahoma Graduate School. McLaurin uses the same classroom, library and cafeteria as students of other races; there is no indication that the seats to which he is assigned in these rooms have any disadvantage of location. . The Court concluded that the conditions under which appellant were required to receive his education deprived him of his personal and present rights to the equal protection of the laws. Xi McLaurin decided to file a suit under the assertion that the conditions under which he was required to receive his education deprived him of his personal right to the equal protection of the laws; and the Fourteenth Amendment eliminates racially biased treatment by the State (638-642). Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Ed., 87 F. Supp. In 2001, the Bizzell Memorial Library, the main library at the University of Oklahoma, was designated a U.S. National Historic Landmark in commemoration of this case. The Supreme Court reversed the decision of the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma.[1][2]. 851, 94 L.Ed. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. 0000067670 00000 n 24 chapters | Pursuant to a requirement of state law, 70 Okla. Stat. United States District Court W. D. McLaurin successfully sued in the U.S. District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma to gain admission to the institution (87 F. Supp. 528. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, 339 U.S. 637. Gaines v. Canada, 1938, 305 U.S. 337, 59 S.Ct. 526 (W.D. In a unanimous decision authored by Chief Justice Fred M. Vinson, the Supreme Court reversed the lower courts decision. To read more about the impact of McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents click here. 1, Schuette v. Coalition to Defend Affirmative Action, Students for Fair Admissions v. President and Fellows of Harvard College, Personnel Administrator of Massachusetts v. Feeney, Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan. Tech: Matt Latourelle Ryan Burch Kirsten Corrao Beth Dellea Travis Eden Tate Kamish Margaret Kearney Eric Lotto Joseph Sanchez. This segregated him from his classmates and made group learning and discussions impossible. McLaurin won the right to attend the University of Oklahoma; however, Oklahoma simply amended its laws to say that while African Americans could attend white institutions, they must be segregated. The judgment below is reversed, p. 339 U. S. 642. (1950) Henderson v. United States Et. Appellant, having been admitted to a state-supported graduate school, must receive the same treatment at the hands of the state as students of other races. OKLAHOMA STATE REGENTS FOR HIGHER EDUCATION ET AL, holding that a state sponsored graduate school's disparate treatment of an admitted black student based on his race violated the Equal Protection Clause. 0000004461 00000 n Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). In an opinion marked by balance, even caution, a three-judge panel struck down the law, to the extent that it prohibited McLaurin from attending the University of Oklahoma. Chief Justice Fred Vinson, writing for the court, held that the differential treatment given to McLaurin was itself a violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's equal protection clause: "Such restrictions impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession." Heyne's factual allegations state a plausible claim against Manuel for violation of his right to equal, Geier, 801 F.2d at 805.Missouri ex rel. For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, 'Reserved For Colored,' but these have been removed. The ruling in McLaurin had major ramifications for both parties and went on to set a new precedent regarding segregation, especially with how it pertained to education. The U.S. Supreme Court was clear in its verbiage that a major part of education is the discussion and "comingling" of intellectual abilities. Can a state treat a student differently from other students solely because of race? Get free summaries of new US Supreme Court opinions delivered to your inbox! Citing our decisions in State of Missouri ex rel. Our society grows increasingly complex, and our need for trained leaders increases correspondingly. Pursuant to a requirement of state law that the instruction of Negroes in institutions of higher education be "upon a segregated basis," however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for Negro students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there. (1941) 455, 456, 457, that the instruction of black students in institutions of higher education be "upon a segregated basis," however, he was assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for black students, was assigned to a special table in the library, and, although permitted to eat in the cafeteria at the same time as other students, was assigned to a special table there. He is now assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for colored students; he is assigned to a table in the library on the main floor; and he is permitted to eat at the same time in the cafeteria as other students, although here again he is assigned to a special table. The amendment adds the following proviso to each of the sections relating to mixed schools: "Provided, that the provisions of this Section shall not apply to programs of instruction leading to a particular degree given at State owned or operated colleges or institutions of higher education of this State established for and/or used by the white race, where such programs of instruction leading to a particular degree are not given at colleges or institutions of higher education of this State established for and/or used by the colored race; provided further, that said programs of instruction leading to a particular degree shall be given at such colleges or institutions of higher education upon a segregated basis." It is said that the separations imposed by the State in this case are in form merely nominal. It was not until 1950 that the Supreme Court ruled that the treatment must be equal between White and African American students. Name Meaning Pitts Linda Joan 1 English: variant of Pitt .2 Americanized spelling of German Pitz . 0000003722 00000 n The court found that the university's inaction in providing separate facilities, in order to meet Oklahoma state law, allowing McLaurin to attend the institution was a violation of his Constitutional rights. Pp. The following (as per The Chicago Manual of Style, 17th edition) is the preferred citation for articles:Alfred L. Brophy, McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents (1950), The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture, https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=MC034. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that it was unconstitutional under the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment to segregate McLaurin from his peers. Copyright to all articles and other content in the online and print versions of The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History is held by the Oklahoma Historical Society (OHS). He may wait in line in the cafeteria and there stand and talk with his fellow students, but while he eats he must remain apart. (1950) 455, 456, 457. Thus he was required to sit apart at a designated desk in an anteroom adjoining the classroom; to sit at a designated desk on the mezzanine floor of the library, but not to use the desks in the regular reading room; and to sit at a designated table and to eat at a different time from the other students in the school cafeteria. The plaintiff, George W. McLaurin, who already had a master's degree in education, was first denied admission to the University of Oklahoma to pursue a Doctorate in Education degree. In McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents, 339 U.S. 637, 640, 70 S.Ct. WebMcLAURIN v. OKLAHOMA DEPT. The case concerned a Black student who was treated differently than white students after being admitted to the graduate school at the University of Oklahoma. [339 U.S. 637, 643]. Ann. R(/LS S!|9Md(Bz_&zKCq(x, 2*V)Aac!:! [1], Chief Justice Frederick Vinson, writing for the court, argued that the actions of the University of Oklahoma violated the student's constitutional right to equal protection under the Fourteenth Amendment. These restrictions were obviously imposed in order to comply, as nearly as could be, with the statutory requirements of Oklahoma. Robert L. Carter and Amos T. Hall argued the cause for appellant. Submit a Correction However, the court did not issue any injunctive relief as requested by the plaintiff but rather relied "on the assumption that the law having been declared, the State will comply.". (a) The restrictions imposed upon appellant impair and inhibit his ability to study, to engage in discussions and exchange views with other students, and, in general, to learn his profession. Upon suit filed by the applicant, the university tried to set up a separate facility for African-American law students. MR. CHIEF JUSTICE VINSON delivered the opinion of the Court. (b) That appellant may still be set apart by his fellow students and may be in no better position when these restrictions are removed is irrelevant, for there is a constitutional difference between restrictions imposed by the State which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students and the refusal of students to commingle where the State presents no such bar. It is said that the separations imposed by the State in this case are in form merely nominal. A three-judge federal trial court determined that officials in Oklahoma had a constitutional duty to provide the plaintiff with the education he wanted as soon as they offered the same to students of any other race. Pp. Appellant, a Negro citizen of Oklahoma possessing a master's degree, was admitted to the Graduate School of the state supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents is a case that was decided on June 5, 1950, by the United States Supreme Court holding that a state cannot treat a student differently on the basis of race. Appellant, a Negro citizen of Oklahoma possessing a master's degree, was admitted to the Graduate School of the state-supported University of Oklahoma as a candidate for a doctorate in education and was permitted to use the same classroom, library and cafeteria as white students. (1950) McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents. The Justices acknowledged in their ruling that it is impossible to have a "separate yet equal" education because of the nature of education itself. Although the court declared that the statute allowing officials to deny the student admission to the program was null and void, it refused to grant his request for an injunction, assuming that officials would follow the constitutional mandate in its order. In apparent conformity with the amendment, his admission was made subject to "such rules and regulations as to segregation as the President of the University shall consider to afford to Mr. G. W. McLaurin substantially equal educational opportunities as are afforded to other persons seeking the same education in the Graduate College," a condition which does not appear to have been withdrawn. The school authorities were required to exclude him by the Oklahoma statutes, 70 Okl.Stat. Public facilities like bathrooms and water fountains were segregated. P. 339 U. S. 642. See Sweatt v. Painter, 339 U.S. 629, 70 S.Ct. Mullane v. Central Hanover Bank & Trust Co. Sweatt v. Painter: Summary, Decision & Significance, Feiner v. New York (1951): Case Brief, Significance & Facts, Universal Camera Corp. v. National Labor Relations Board, Dennis v. United States: Summary, Significance & Decision, Stack v. Boyle (1951): Case Brief, Facts & Decision, Rochin v. 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There is a vast differencea Constitutional differencebetween restrictions imposed by the state which prohibit the intellectual commingling of students, and the refusal of individuals to commingle where the state presents no such bar. In 1948, McLaurin applied for admission to the doctoral program in the College of Education, directly challenging the states current segregation laws. We hold that under these circumstances the Fourteenth Amendment precludes differences in treatment by the state based upon race. Do you find this information helpful? For some time, the section of the classroom in which appellant sat was surrounded by a rail on which there was a sign stating, Reserved For Colored, but these have been removed. p\!Y.Ebt9/ z ^tGG"w N8f,SYU*Vn/ But at the very least, the state will not be depriving appellant of the opportunity to secure acceptance by his fellow students on his own merits. Id. He is now assigned to a seat in the classroom in a row specified for colored students; he is assigned to a table in the library on the main floor; and he is permitted to eat at the same time in the cafeteria as other students, although here again he is assigned to a special table. McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher Education, legal case in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously (90), on June 5, 1950, that racial segregation within the facilities and institutions of colleges and universities is inconsistent with the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. But they signify that the State, in administering the facilities it affords for professional and graduate study, sets McLaurin apart from the other students. Mr. Fred Hansen, Oklahoma City, Okl., for appellees. 87 F. Supp. This would set a precedent for future legal issues about segregation, including the landmark case Brown v. Board of Education a few years later. These factors are elemental to robust education. Segregated basis is defined as "classroom instruction given in separate classrooms, or at separate times." His application was rejected because state law prohibited black On the assumption, however, that the State would follow the constitutional mandate, the court refused to grant the injunction, retaining jurisdiction of the cause with full power to issue any necessary and proper orders to secure McLaurin the equal protection of the laws. Possessing a Master's degree, he applied for admission to the University of Oklahoma in order to pursue studies and courses leading to a Doctorate in Education. Therefore, the Court ruled that higher institutions such as colleges and universities were prohibited from practicing segregation, as it violated equal protection in an educational setting. Those who will come under his guidance and influence must be directly affected by the education he receives. . Sturdivant v. Blue Valley Unified Sch. Appellant filed a complaint requesting injunctive relief, alleging that the action of the school authorities and the statutes upon which their action was based were unconstitutional and deprived him [339 U.S. 637, 639] of the equal protection of the laws. trailer <]>> startxref 0 %%EOF 22 0 obj<>stream Al. 70 Okla.Stat.Ann. External Relations: Moira Delaney Hannah Nelson Caroline Presnell In a 5-4 opinion written by Justice Louis Powell, the Court held that the trial court erred when it failed to consider mitigating evidence of Eddings unhappy childhood and emotional disturbance. This appeal followed. WebMcLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents Download PDF Check Treatment Summary holding that a state sponsored graduate school's disparate treatment of an admitted black

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